Automatic injector



ct. 24, 1950 E. P. WISE AUTOMATIC INJECTOR Filed Sept. 8, 1947 v N s@ me, m m MW m NQ \Q\\ 1| .mi W www n f f n 4 wm -J www QN u \%m Y B Patented Oct. 24, 1950 'Eugene Pi Wise, Kansas City; M0., assigner: of

one-.half 'to Paul `LStolz, Kansas City, Mo.

l Application september s, 19u-semina 772,688

yThis invention relates generally to a Ldevice for automatically admixing Afluids anlmore par-` ticularly to an injectoradapted for attachment toa liquidconduit and having means responsive to a -ow o f liquid therethrough for-injecting a predetermined quantity of fluid intosaid nowA of liquid. *o o The Vmost important object ofv this invention is the provisionoi an automatic injecter having a hollow housing provided with means to interpose the same in a stream of Yflowing liquidand having a rotatable-impeller :therein operable byl said vnow of liquid, said impeller .being provided with ,pump means `operable upon rotation there.,- ojf forV injecting a chemical automatically yinto the liquid within the housing. f

Another important. object o f vthis invention is the provision of an automatic `iniector having a rotatable impeller provided with aplurality of pump assemblies therein and operable thereby for receiving a vquantity of nuid from l,within the impellerl and ejecting 4,the same into the aforesaid stream of liquid within the housing- A further object ofA this invention istheprO-x vision of an lautomatic; injector having: an im peller provided with hollow .chamber :and a plurality of pumps Within said chamber, *said* pumps each `including a. cylinder and a pistonA operable `to'be placed alternately into Grillini-uni` cation with the hollow chamber -and .the housingj within which the impeller is mounted for receiving afluid from the impeller and ejlectingthe,

same into the housing. f Y

Other objects; or this invention-include .the manner in which the speed of rotation v of the. aforesaid impelleris controlledby ajeiLasSembly, the latter of which controls the amountfcf lilld ejected by the pumps; the way in which a bypass is formed to further control the speed of rotation of the impeller when the injector is mounted in a relatively large conduit; the way in which the impeller is provided with a number of freely swingable vanes; the manner in which the Aentire impeller mechanism is eccentrically mounted within lthe housing; and the way in which the pump assembly lis operated by rotation of the impeller through an eccentric, the

latter of whichr is rotatably secured to a pipe which is arranged to supply the impeller with the chemical to be injected.

Many minor objects will be vmade clear or bei kopican .automaticfinjectcr made in accordanceV with my present invention, parts thereof being broken away -forv clearness.

,f-Fig. 2 ,is a.` cross ysectional -view taken on ir..

regular linegII-LII of Fig. -l; and

Fig.3ois-a fragmentary enlarged cross. sectional;l view/.talre'nonline III-1H of Fig. 2 and looking;

in :thedirection pi lthe arrows.

It common knowledge that oftentimes it,

becomes necessary and quite desirable .to injectV chemicals of one form or another .into a conduit having a, flowof liquid therein under pressure.

Specic e-xamphlesinclude the field of nre pre-L vention wherein the supply of .water for sexting-Vuishi-ng thenre should be supplied with a chemicall that will aidlin such fire extinguishing operation.

Many times it is necessary Yto vinject a solvent in to such stream .of water or water softeningI solutions of one rormfor another. In the drawing, a hollow housing broadly desig nated byv the numeral IU .is provided with!` a plateiEI-Z havingy anumber of ,-perforations (not show-n)- `iormed therein to serve as a means YforI mounting the entire assembly.

flh- Swhousing- |10- has yaninlety port It anula-n.1v outletopen-ing, t6 termed therein, `said openings 'tha pair ofv substantially .papal` y lei-conduits- =|8 :and lfill respectively. These conduits I8 and 20 communicate attheir innerl communicative-W most en d vvith the interior of; vthe housing Hl, asI clear screws. or the like 30.

{llhisiinpeller nMi has .a hol-low chamber 32-. formed ithereinfdegnedby a pair of substantial-l-yI parallel walls Mend 3.6, .the latter of which is. removably `securedto gan annular wallv vby a number of screws 4l). The hub 24 of the i-mpeller 26 extends laterally from vthe outermost faceof `the'wall 3,4 andinas a longitudinal :bore

4:42fexteriorly-gofthe-1housing 1;!) to lhold pipe llll against; rotation.: -fIhei pipe 44 extends a dis-,y taneeZintootbie-ichamber oyfr the impeller 28; and-:hasiaxnortionfthereof-rormed ,polygonally inf;-

f illustrated in The housing lilhas; fa nach portion v:22. extending laterally from one lface,,-tlflereof for rotatably receivingfan 'ex-v5 tended-,hub-,Rlkof anpi-mpeller, broadly ,designated,l l bythe numeral 2li.. The opposite face of tl-re,` housing,.l0 has, la yplate 28 removably secured#vv theretozthroughthe medium of a plurality or.

cross section as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, to receive a disc 50 having a similarly contoured opening, the latter of which is held against displacement by a nut 52. A pin 54 integral with the disk 50 extends laterally from one face thereof and into the chamber 32 for receiving a plurality of pistons 56. These pistons 56 form a part of a number of pump assemblies designed to inject a uid from the? chamber 32 into `the housing I as hereinafter more fully described.

Any number of these pump assemblies may be utilized, there being three shown disposed 120 apart within the `chamber 32.

One end of each of the pistons 56 has a ring A 58 formed thereon and loosely receiving the lat# erally extending pin 54 on the Vdisk 50. The

opposite ends of the .pistonsSGJare circulanin cross section and extend into a cylinder `|50.

These cylinders 60 are. T-shaped as shownin" Fig. 2, one leg thereof being hollow for slidably receiving the pistons 56 and'theother two-legs being secured to the impeller 26x* M The innermost face off-the' wall "34 of: hey impeller 26 has a cavity 62formed :ther-ein* adjacent the annular wall 38 of impeller 2Il for 'journal'- ing the free end of-one of the-other legsjoflthe cylinder 60. The legV of thejcylinder- 60oppos'ite to the said leg that is Vjou'rnaled-in -the'cavitiesv 62, is freely mounted within arbea'ring 64 having connection to the annular-wall 38 by bolts 66.

It is thus seen that` as the-impeller 26 is causedi to rotate, the pistons 56 will `reciprocate within the tubular portionY of the cylinders 60 and these cylinders 60 will each oscillate -in the manner shown by dotted linesin'Fig.` 3, A nun'iherV of cavities 68 are formed within the annularewall 38 of the impeller 26 opening outwardly-for receiving a like number of Yfins |0.- These fins 10 have a circular portion 'I2 formed thereon, said portions 'l2 being freely rotatable within the cavity 68 of the wall 38. It is preferable that the portion I2 of the fins 'l0 be about two-thirds eri-Y cased by the cavities 68 tothe end that the fins are freely swingable withinjthe housing I-0 and yet are held against displacement from-the cavities 68. Fins I0-have a widthhsubstantially the same as the width of the housing ID'an'dl said housing serves to holdv such'fins 'lncagains't any' tendency of the same to -slide transversely within the cavity 68. 'i i Y As clearly illustrated inFig. 1,- the impeller 28 is eccentricallymounted 'withinv the ihousing I0. The distance between the outermost --face" of the annular wall-38 and theA-im'iermost-facei of the housing I0 progressively increasing vfrom= the innermost end of the" inlet conduite |8andv again progressively decreasingjas l'the innermost` end of the outlet conduit isapproached. The fins 10 are thus kept in action byfcentrifugal and gravitational forces and as theseAfins'IU approach the normally uppermost end of the housing I0, the same will be folded back into notches 14 formed in the annular wall l38 of the im-- peller 26. Y .l

A pair of packing members 161are mounted within the bore 42 of/thehub 24 and-.heldin spaced apart relationship through the medium of a spring 18. This spring'ls bears 'againsta pair of washers 80 and is disposed in circumscribing relationship to the pipe Mas are the packing elements '|6vand the washersx80'.' lAplug 82 threaded into the `bore-42 fat "the-outermost end thereof serves to holdthelentire packing unit in place. One end of the cylinders 601 ex` tends into a cavity 84' formed inlthe annular .wall

v respect to' the'neck 22 of housing I0.

A by-pass, broadly designated by the numeral- 96, includes a pair of conduits 98 and |00. These, conduits 98 and |00 are preferablyformed in-l 4 38 of the impeller 26 and has an outlet opening 86 formed therein.

A port 88 formed in the wall 38, places the cavity 84 into communication with the chamber 32 of the impeller 26 and a second port 90 is disposed in the annular wall 38 to place the cavity 84 into communication with the housing |0.

A jet for the port 90 constitutes a removable perforated plug 82. This plug 82 is threaded into the annular wall 38 of'the impeller 26 in communication with the outlet end of the port 90. Upon rotation of the impeller 26 and conoutlet opening 86 formed in the cylinder 60 will Aalternately communicate with the ports 88 I andi so. v

Itv is clear that liquid entering the inlet port |4 will impinge upon the vanes 10 of impeller 26 causing rotation thereof which will in turn operate the piunp assemblies which include thepistons'56 andY cylinders 60.The impeller 26 is freely rotatable on -the pipe 44 within the housing-|0 and theneck 22 thereoff A'centerin'g pin` 94 extends through thefplate 28 of the housing? I0 and a distance` into the-plate 36 of the impeller 26 to cooperate with the hub 24 in holding impeller 26 lin centered relationship with tegrally with the housing I0 andthe-conduit is Ydirectlyl connected With-thefinlet opening I4 of the housing I0.l One end of this conduit 98` has an elbow |02 threaded thereinto, the latter of which connects witha nipple |04 In mounting the entire assembly within a water line |06, a T |08 isV interposed within this line |06 onone side of a valve |I0,said -T l08having-connection with the nipple`I04. An opening II2 is formed inthe conduit 98to place the same in com-v munication with the conduit |80, the latter of i which communicates-.with the outlet opening I6 of the housingv I0 near one `end thereof. An el bow I |4, 'a nipple IIE and a T II8, the :latter of whichis'linterposedin the line |06 on the op-A posite side of thevalve I0, .all serve as a means` forv placing the housingv .I 0 and: the y.conduit VI 00,

into communication with the line |06.

A' piston mi freely siidabie within the conduit 98 is normally disposed to close'the opening ||2 of the conduit 98. such a position -byspring |22 interposed between -oneend of piston |20 and a .plug |24, thela'tterv of which-.closes'the end of conduit 98. opposite In operation, the injector'ljust.described is mounted within the line |86 as just above set forth. The valve IIO is vclosed causing liquidi within the line |06 to flow into the housing I0 by way of the T |08, the nipple I04,\the elbow 102,.

inlet opening I4 and passage-'way I8. The-force ders; 60 so reciprocate, theywill swing as illustrated in Fig. 3 bringingcthe openingf 8S thereof into" alternate communicationwith'the portsg88 and'r The pipe 44 and'vthechamber'l32ofthe'im-i 7-5'- peller 22S-constitute 'a'."continuous conduit for in This` piston-'120 isV held inl troducing ,a iuid from assourcefnot shown; In other, words, one end oi :thegpipe Mhas communication Withasource of. such uidiwhile'the. oppositeend thereof is indirectcommunioation with theinterior of the chamber 32. Suchiuid passing through .the pipe 44 is kept under pressure to the end that the chamber 32 remains full at all times and rwhen the openings 80 of thecylinders 60 are in communication with the respectivel ports 83, the pumping action of the ycylinder Vii() and pistons 55 will drawlsuchfluidinto thecylin-r ders B throughA the port 88 -andjopeningy, When the cylindersjii and pistons 56 swing in the opposite direction, the port 8G will be moved into communication wwith the opening 'Sofand the uid within the.,.cylinder 6E will be. ejectedinto the housing le and into the How of liquldtrerein through the jet plug 92. v 1

The owrof water within the `housing I0, ktogether `with the fluid that `hasithus been ejected thereinto, will then ilow out ogthe passage-way |8 and into the conduit iillkelbow ||4'|,;nippl e IIE, T H8 and thence into the linel. 1t is tobe noted that the speed of-rotation loff-the impeller 25 and thereby the amount of liquid that is;l injected into the flow of watenzdependsfpartiall'y upon the pressure within the :line |108, l The speed of rotation of impeller. 25 is furthergoverned by the size of the jet y$2. In other word-s,

a plug 92 having a relatively .small restricted opening therein, will tend to hold back the flow of fluid passing from the cylinders 50 through openings 85 and thereby retard the speed of rotation of impeller 26. Oftentimes the injector will be inserted into relatively large lines |06 which would normally cause a fast rotation of the impeller 2t and injection of more fluid into the stream of water than is desired. When this pressure becomes too great, the by-pass 96 will function to direct a part of the flow of water directly into the conduit |09 by the action of the piston |29. This by-passed ow of water will act upon the piston |20 to move the same against the spring |22 and thereby moving piston |20 to an open position with respect to the opening I |2. It is clear that adjusting of the tension of spring |22 will control the amount of water that is a1- lowed to by-pass through the conduits 98 and |00.

It is apparent from the foregoing that the injector assembly just described is entirely automatic and that the desired amount of chemical solution or other fluid that is injected into the flow of watei` through the pipe 44, may be controlled to virtually any degree desired. A relatively large amount of chemical may be injected by increasing the size of the plug 92 and/ or increasing the tension on spring |22. If only a small amount of solution is desired, then the spring |22 should have little tension and a plug 92 having a very small opening therethrough should be used.

Although only one form of my invention has been illustrated and described, it is to be understood that many changes and modifications may be made particularly with respect to details of construction without departing from the spirit of this invention or scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

l. An automatic injector of the characterdescribed comprising a hollow housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening; a hollow rotatable impeller in said housing responsive to a flow of liquid passing through the housing from said: inlet fopening..;to said outlet openingisaid impeller :having .an finlet portand atleast one outlet :port;.a conduit :connected with said inlet port to direct a fluid into said impeller; and means operable within said impeller and connected for rotation thereby for feeding saidfluid fromthe impeller through said outlet port to saidV ow of Aliquid inthe housing as the impeller rotates.

2. An automatic injector of the character described comprisingaJ hollow housing havingy an inlet opening and an outlet opening; a hollow rotatableyimpeller in said housing responsive .to asilowv of..liquid passing/through the housing from said inlet opening .to said outlet opening, said impeller having an inletport and at least one outlet port; a conduit extending into the impeller through. saidiinlet port to direct a fluid into said impeller; -andmeans rotatably mounted on said conduit within: said Vimpeller and lconnected for rotation .thereby for feeding said fluid from the impeller throughsaid outlet port to said flow .of liquidfin thev housingas the impeller rotates.

T3. An'automatic injector of the `character de.- scribed .comprisinga hollow housing having an inlet` opening and an outlet opening; a.- hollow rotatableimpellerlin.said housing responsive to a flow of liquid passing through the housing from said `inlet opening to said outlet opening, said impeller-having an inlet port and at leastone outlet port; a conduit connected with said inlet port to direct a, fluid into said impeller; and means within said impeller and connected for rotation thereby for feeding said iiuid from the impeller through said outlet port to said flow of liquid in the housing as the impeller rotates, said means comprising at least one pump assembly operable to alternately draw a, predetermined quantity of fluid from said impeller and eject the same into the flow of liquid.

4. An automatic injector of the character described comprising a hollow housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening; a hollow rotatable impeller in said housing responsive to a flow of liquid passing through the housing from said inlet opening to said outlet opening, said impeller having an inlet port and at least one outlet port; a conduit connected with said inlet lport to direct a fluid into said impeller; means within said impeller and connected for rotation thereby for feeding said fluid from the impeller through said outlet port to said flow of liquid in the housing as the impeller rotates, said means comprising at least one pump assembly operable to alternately draw a predetemined quantity of fluid from said impeller and eject the same into the ilo-w of liquid; and jet structure in said outlet port for limiting the amount of fluid ejected by said pump.

5. An automatic injector of the character described comprising a hollow housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening; a hollow rotatable impeller in said housing responsive to a iiow of liquid passing through the housing from said inlet opening to said opening, said impeller having an inlet port and at least one outlet port; a conduit connected with said inlet port to direct a fluid into said impeller; means within said impeller and connected for rotation thereby for feeding said fluid from the impeller through said outlet port to said flow of liquid in the housing as the impeller rotates, said means comprising at least one pump assembly operable to alternately draw a predetermined quantity of fluid from said impeller and eject the same into the flow of 7 liquid; and jet structure in saidoutlet-port for limiting the amount of fluid ejected by said pump, the speed of rotation of said impeller beingcontrolled by the size of said jet structure.

6. An automatic injector of the character described comprising a hollow housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening; a, hollow rotatable impeller in said housing responsive to a ilow of liquid passing through the housing from said inlet opening to said outlet opening, Said impeller having an inlet port and at least one outlet port; a conduit connected with said inlet Aport to direct a, fluid into said impeller; and means within said impeller and connected for rotation thereby for feeding said fluid fromthe impeller. through said outlet port to said owof liquid'n the housing as the mpeller rotates, said means comprising at least one pump assembly operable to.` alternately draw a, predetermined quantity.; of uid from said impeller and ejectithe same into th'e ow of liquid, said pump includinga cylinder having a reciprocable piston mounted therein, one end of the piston being rotatably mounted separately from the impeller and eccentrically with respect to the axis of inipeller rotation. A

7; An automatic injector of the character dei scribed comprising a hollow housing havingan inlet opening and an outlet opening; arotatable impeller in said housing, said impeller having a hollow chamber and being responsive to a ow of liquid passing through said housing from the inlet opening to the outlet opening thereof, said 1mi peller having an inlet port and at least one outlet port; a conduit connected with said inlet port for directing a quantity of fluid into said mpeller; at leastone pump assembly within the hollow chamber and connected for rotation by said impeller to alternately receive uid from said chamber and eject the same through said outlet port into the housing as the impeller rotates; and means to by-pass a portion of said liquid prior to entrance into the housing whereby to control the speed of 4rotation of said impeller.

l EUGENE P. WISE.

Y REFERENCES CITED vfollowing references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

